PHP如何通过PDO方式连接和操作MySQL数据库？

PHP 鏁版嵁瀵硅薄锛圥HP Data Objects锛孭DO锛夋墿灞曚负PHP璁块棶鏁版嵁搴撳畾涔変簡涓€涓交閲忕骇鐨勪竴鑷存帴鍙ｃ€侾DO鎻愪緵浜嗕竴绉嶉珮鏁堢殑鏂规硶鏉ユ墽琛孲QL鏌ヨ锛屽悓鏃朵繚鎸佷簡瀵瑰悇绉嶆暟鎹簱绯荤粺鐨勫吋瀹规€с€傛湰绡囨枃绔犲皢浠嬬粛濡備綍浣跨敤PDO杩炴帴骞舵搷浣淢ySQL鏁版嵁搴撱€?/p>

涓€銆佸畨瑁呴厤缃甈DO鎵╁睍

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浜屻€佸垱寤篜DO瀹炰緥浠ュ缓绔嬭繛鎺?/h2>

瑕佷娇鐢≒DO涓嶮ySQL杩涜浜や簰锛岄鍏堥渶瑕佸垱寤轰竴涓狿DO瀵硅薄銆備笅闈㈡槸涓€涓畝鍗曠殑绀轰緥浠ｇ爜鐗囨锛?/p>

$dsn = 'mysql:host=localhost;dbname=testdb;charset=utf8mb4';
$username = 'root';
$password = '';
try {
    $pdo = new PDO($dsn, $username, $password);
    // 璁剧疆閿欒妯″紡涓哄紓甯?
    $pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
} catch (PDOException $e) {
    echo "Connection failed: " . $e->getMessage();
}

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涓夈€佹墽琛孲QL璇彞

涓€鏃︽垚鍔熷缓绔嬩簡涓庢暟鎹簱鐨勮繛鎺ワ紝灏卞彲浠ヤ娇鐢≒DO瀵硅薄鎵цSQL璇彞浜嗐€傚浜庣畝鍗曠殑鏌ヨ锛屽彲浠ヤ娇鐢╭uery()鏂规硶锛涜€屽浜庢秹鍙婄敤鎴疯緭鍏ョ殑鏁版嵁锛屽垯寤鸿浣跨敤prepare()鏂规硶閰嶅悎execute()鏂规硶浠ラ槻姝QL娉ㄥ叆鏀诲嚮銆?/p>

1. 鎵ц绠€鍗曟煡璇?/h3>

濡傛灉鍙渶瑕佽繍琛屼竴涓笉浼氭敼鍙樻暟鎹簱鐘舵€佺殑鏌ヨ锛堜緥濡係ELECT锛夛紝鍙互鐩存帴璋冪敤query()鏂规硶锛屽苟閫氳繃fetch()绯诲垪鍑芥暟鑾峰彇缁撴灉銆?/p>

// 鑾峰彇鎵€鏈夌敤鎴?
$stmt = $pdo->query('SELECT  FROM users');
while ($row = $stmt->fetch()) {
    print_r($row);
}

2. 浣跨敤棰勫鐞嗚鍙?/h3>

褰撻渶瑕佹墽琛屽甫鏈夊弬鏁扮殑鏌ヨ鏃讹紝搴旇鍏堝噯澶囧ソ涓€鏉″寘鍚崰浣嶇鐨凷QL璇彞锛屽啀灏嗗叾浼犻€掔粰prepare()鏂规硶鐢熸垚PDOStatement瀵硅薄锛屾渶鍚庨€氳繃execute()鏂规硶浼犲叆瀹為檯鍊笺€?/p>

// 鎻掑叆鏂扮敤鎴?
$sql = 'INSERT INTO users (name, email) VALUES (:name, :email)';
$stmt = $pdo->prepare($sql);
$stmt->execute([':name' => 'John Doe', ':email' => 'john@example.com']);

鍥涖€佷簨鍔″鐞?/h2>

PDO杩樻敮鎸佷簨鍔＄鐞嗗姛鑳斤紝杩欎娇寰楁垜浠彲浠ュ皢澶氫釜SQL鎿嶄綔缁勫悎鎴愪竴涓崟鍏冿紝鍦ㄩ亣鍒伴敊璇椂鑳藉鍥炴粴鎵€鏈夋洿鏀广€傝鍚姩浜嬪姟锛屽彧闇€璋冪敤beginTransaction()鏂规硶锛涙彁浜や簨鍔″垯浣跨敤commit()锛涘鏋滃嚭鐜伴棶棰橈紝鍒欏彲浠ラ€氳繃rollBack()鏉ュ洖婊氥€?/p>

$pdo->beginTransaction();
try {
    // 鎵ц涓€绯诲垪鐩稿叧鑱旂殑鎿嶄綔...
    $pdo->commit();
} catch (Exception $e) {
    $pdo->rollBack();
    throw $e;
}

浜斻€佸叧闂繛鎺?/h2>

铏界劧PHP浼氬湪鑴氭湰缁撴潫鏃惰嚜鍔ㄩ噴鏀捐祫婧愶紝浣嗘樉寮忓湴鏂紑涓庢暟鎹簱鐨勮繛鎺ヤ粛鐒舵槸涓ソ涔犳儻銆傚彲浠ラ€氳繃璁剧疆PDO瀵硅薄涓簄ull鏉ュ疄鐜拌繖涓€鐐广€?/p>

$pdo = null;

鍏€佹€荤粨

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